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Creating Reliable Software (pdf)







Creating Reliable Software (pdf)

Creating Reliable Software (pdf) 12/19/2002 02:33 PM

This is a presentation detailing how to go about software walkthroughs, code inspections, correctness proofs. Here's the google html version.

What's interesting to me (you have to go to the last page) is that using mathematics, Peter Naur proved that a specific algorithm was correct. Unfortunately the specifications were flawed so the algorithm would never have worked, so Peter Naur actually proved that garbage in, garbage out.

Once again, this shows that code reliability issues are so closely interwined with people issues that you cannot talk about reliable software without talking about reliable developers.

"zeldman.crnl"




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Creating Reliable Software (pdf)

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Developing Reliable Software with
Scripting Languages


Developing Reliable Software with
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In this interview of William Guttman, a professor of economics and technology at Carnegie Mellon University who is director of The Sustainable Computing Consortium, I was struck by this statement: Q: Are certain types of products or software vendors worse than others in terms of their record on quality? Guttman: I have a colleague who says bugs are agnostic. No matter the type of application it is, you can count on finding 30 bugs per 1,000 lines of code on average. I then found Prof. Thomas Huckle, saying much the same thing: INTEL: no more than 80-90 Bugs in Pentium. Standard Software: 25 bugs per 1000 lines of program. Good Software: 2 errors per 1000 lines. Space Shuttle Software: This seems to be a pretty good justification for using scripting languages. Of course, we still need to plan and be aware of the software engineering issues in developing reliable software. Here are a few things that occured to me. I'm sure you can think of more: 1. Scripting makes it too easy to slap up a piece of code quickly. I would suggest you slap your design first. Use a design methodology. The use of popular techniques such as OOP (or structured programming) provides a more disciplined approach to developing software. Informal evidence suggests that using object-oriented programming forces the developer to be more careful in the design of the software. Scripting languages that provide good OOP facilities should be encouraged. 2. Scripting languages have more options than bisexuals because they have polymorphic types (I have never liked the term weak-typing because it suggests something inferior. I prefer polymorphic typing -- it has the cachet of a poly-syllable adjective :-). One of the criticism with this approach is that very little parameter checking is done by the compiler. To me this is a benign vice, but I agree that with large teams where well-defined interfaces are important that this is an issue. I have three suggestions here: (a) Use classes to store important variables, because then you can use set and get methods for type-checking, and pass instances of these classes around instead of variables. To promote heterosexuality i have this example: function Reproduction($father,$mother) { $sperm = $father->GetSperm(); $egg = $mother->GetEgg(); return "$sperm meets $egg"; } In the above example, we have type checking of $father and $mother (at run-time), because $father has GetSperm() and $mother must have GetEgg(). (b) Use intelligent IDE's that display the function prototypes as you type (what is the best one for PHP - does anyone know?) (c) Programming by contract. Techniques such as this provide additional assurance about the quality of the code (note that programming by contract is as applicable to C or Java or Fortran as scripting languages). See also what Bertrand Meyer has to say. 3. Scripting languages need fewer raging egos and more team players. What i mean by this is that scripting languages need to balance the needs of hackers who want a quick fix with software managers who need good support for team development, in particular offering effective ways (methodologies?) for separating code and content, data and presentation, and neat software engineering concepts such as data hiding and namespace support. In conclusion, as Tom DeMarco pointed out in his book PeopleWare, it is not technology that prevents software success, but people. So higher level tools that aid people in their work are to be encouraged. Looking down at scripting languages because it lacks this or that is short sighted because it is the now and the future of computing. "tri" I've been drafting this essay for a while (this is my response to the Bertrand Meyer quote on pointer arithmetic and reliability), and it looks like the recent Multi-Tier debate makes it a good time to release it, even though i think that it could still do with some more shaving and fine-tuning. "zeldman.shaver2"

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I know what your thinking and I was thinking the same thing, who paid for the study to prove this. You guessed Microsoft did. Interesting read but I am sure that those of you that are hard core Linux users will contest their results.

As a side note. The dedicated server that I have for this websites has had pretty terrible reliability and requires re-booting every couple of days. But a old die-hard Windows NT box that I have running similar services for some other websites I have gets re-booted every 90 days whether it needs it or not. So thus far I am not drinking the Linux Kolaid. [eWeek]


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Earlier this month, a California judge ruled that Apple has the right to subpoena the records of the three Macintosh sites that recently published details on an unreleased Apple product. Apple filed a lawsuit against anonymous individuals who leaked details about new products by posting information on the Internet in December. In the company's seven-page civil complaint, Apple said that it did not know the "true names or capacities, whether individual, associate, corporate or otherwise," of the defendants. The Santa Clara County Superior Court Judge ruled that Apple's interests in protecting trade secrets outweighed any interest the public may have in the information. "The public has had, and continues to have, a profound interest in gossip about Apple," Judge James P. Kleinberg said. "Therefore, it is not surprising that hundreds of thousands of 'hits' on a Web site about Apple have and will happen. But an interested public is not the same as the public interest." Though only three rumor sites are involved in the litigation, other rumor sites have recently seen the number of reliable anonymous sources drop. "We noticed that some of our annonymous sources, which were informing us with reliable information on Mac OS X development, stopped sending us information," Alexandros Roussos of MacosXrumors told Spymac. With increased interest and demand for Apple rumors, many of these sites are receiving a surge of information from more sources. This increase of information increases the amount of unreliable information the sites receive, so sites have to be more careful about what they publish. "The site has been very successful since the beginning but really saw its traffic exploding during 2004, when we started daily news and rumours reporting," Roussos said. "Along with the success, more and more sources appeared but there were a lot more fake rumors too. We do our best to verify the information we receive by discussing it with some regular sources or by comparing with other reports and other factual information found on documentation or corporate sites." MacosXrumors has improved its source reliability since its early days but, according to Roussos, there is still more work to do. "Sometimes we are frustrated when we have taken too much time to verify our rumors and we see the story breaking elsewhere though. Now it's really an investigation job. It's easier to do for us than it used to be when the site was launched, as we have more sources and experience, but it takes much more time than it did." Stay tuned next week to find out more about how operations on other rumour sites are being influenced by recent litigations against Apple rumor sites.

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Ce document en .pdf

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