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The Stone Supercomputer







The Stone Supercomputer

The Stone Supercomputer 12/24/2004 12:57 PM

The Stone SouperComputer: Who says your cluster has to be expensive? When it was running, this cluster at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory had 133 nodes in it, most 486s with 32MB RAM and 10 MB/s Ethernet cards.

While our first Beowulf-style parallel computer isn't built out of the most impressive hardware, we got tired of fighting for funding and went ahead with what we could find. Much like the classic Tale of Stone Soup, many individuals contributed to the existing machine*. Because of a complete lack of funding, we used surplus personal computers donated by individuals from ORNL, the Procurement Dept., Y-12, and K-25, to build a parallel computer system which uses public domain compilers and message passing libraries. This system was built at literally no cost.

This was back in the late 90s, so 66MHz wasn't that slow. Still, pretty darn slow.




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This get me to thinking that it would be an interesting...expirement, to MD5 has hthe entire body of an entry and use the result as the URL. This means that you couldn't change one single character of the entry after it was published without completely changing the URL.

I find this idea intriguing. Not enough to try it, mind you, but stil interesting to consider.


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For photos of Stone Creek's Bay View store, plus a look at the quick reference card they provide to document the service, see Cape Macintosh's Stone Creek Info Page.

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There's some argument about the year of the peak, but pretty much everyone agrees -- including the US government -- that the peak is fewer than a couple of decades away. A lot of experts says we've already hit the peak. James Howard Kunstler's piece in Rolling Stone, called "The Long Emergency," argues that the US hit its peak decades ago:

The United States passed its own oil peak -- about 11 million barrels a day -- in 1970, and since then production has dropped steadily. In 2004 it ran just above 5 million barrels a day (we get a tad more from natural-gas condensates). Yet we consume roughly 20 million barrels a day now. That means we have to import about two-thirds of our oil, and the ratio will continue to worsen.

The U.S. peak in 1970 brought on a portentous change in geoeconomic power. Within a few years, foreign producers, chiefly OPEC, were setting the price of oil, and this in turn led to the oil crises of the 1970s. In response, frantic development of non-OPEC oil, especially the North Sea fields of England and Norway, essentially saved the West's ass for about two decades. Since 1999, these fields have entered depletion. Meanwhile, worldwide discovery of new oil has steadily declined to insignificant levels in 2003 and 2004.

I think its inevitable that we are going to go nuclear. There's really no other way to deal with the fact that the world is hopelessly dependent on cheap energy. Fortunately, new nuclear power technologies like pebble bed reactors are much safer than the nuke plants of old. (Here's a good article about pebble bed reactors, written by Spencer Reiss in Wired. Here's a Wired article by Peter Schwartz and Spencer Reiss about "gr een" nuke plants. And here's another pro-nuke article that David noted a while back, written by Stewart Brand.) Link to Rolling Stone story (Thanks, Brian!)

Reader comment: Alex Steffan at WorldChanging says "you might be interested in reading these:"

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"The late 1990s saw the lowest prices for oil *EVER*. That doesn't create much incentive to find new oil deposits (just as few people were interested in exploiting the North Seas until oil went through the roof in the 1970s.)

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British Petroleum exploration consultant Francis Harper believes it will happen between 2010 and 2020. Consulting firm PFC Energy puts it at around 2010 to 2015. The publication Petroleum Review predicts that demand will outstrip supply in 2007. Richard Heinberg, author of the 2003 book, The Party's Over: Oil, War, and the Fate of Industrial Societies, expects a peak in 2007 or 2008.

Retired Princeton professor Kenneth Deffeyes, author of the just-published, Beyond Oil: The View from Hubbert's Peak is more pessimistic, and more specific, about when the peak will happen: Thanksgiving Day, 2005. (His tongue appears to be in his cheek regarding the day, but not the year).

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Link


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